上一片还在地下看岩石变身。这片抬头看天：跟着🌍蓝色星球向导坐热气球升空，原来头顶的空气也分了五层。Last leaf we watched rocks transform underground. Now look up: ride a balloon with 🌍 Blue Planet Guide — the air above us has five layers too.
第 1 步：五层外衣，各有住户Step 1: Five layers, each with residents
先跟向导数一数——从地面到太空，依次经过哪五层。Count along with the guide — the five layers from the ground to space.
从下往上：对流层住着小鸟和云（天气全在这儿）；平流层住着飞机；中间层空荡荡，只有流星路过；热层住着极光；最外的外逸层住着卫星。每层厚度差很多，向导的气球只能到第一层哦。Bottom to top: the troposphere hosts birds and clouds (all weather lives here); the stratosphere hosts airplanes; the mesosphere is empty except passing meteors; the thermosphere hosts auroras; the outermost exosphere hosts satellites. The layers differ hugely in thickness — our guide's balloon can only reach the first one.
分层记住了，你可能会问：越往上，是越冷还是越热？Layers memorized — now you may ask: going up, does it get colder or hotter?
第 2 步：温度坐过山车Step 2: Temperature rides a roller coaster
答案是：冷—热—冷—热。对流层越往上越冷；平流层因为臭氧吸热，反而回暖；中间层跌到最低（约零下 90 度）；热层被阳光直射，温度飙到几百度。记住这个折线，整片叶子就通了。The answer: cold–warm–cold–hot. The troposphere cools going up; the stratosphere warms back up as ozone soaks up sunlight; the mesosphere plunges to the coldest (about −90 °C); the thermosphere, sun-baked, soars to hundreds of degrees. Remember this zigzag and the whole leaf clicks.
温度曲线会画了，那飞机、极光、卫星到底各住哪层？You can trace the curve — but where exactly do the airplane, the aurora and the satellite live?
第 3 步：住户大定位Step 3: Locate the residents
飞机选平流层：气流平稳，像巡航高速路；极光选热层：太阳风点亮稀薄空气；卫星选外逸层：站在大气边缘俯瞰地球。定位口诀：飞机二层坐，极光四层舞，卫星顶层住。Airplanes pick the stratosphere: smooth air, like a cruising highway; auroras pick the thermosphere: solar wind lighting up thin air; satellites pick the exosphere: standing at the atmosphere's edge, gazing down. The rhyme: jets ride layer two, auroras dance in four, satellites live at the top floor.
🎮 你来开热气球（30 秒）🎮 Your turn: fly the balloon (30 seconds)
道理讲完了。先拖高度滑块升空，看温度与风景怎么变；再接下面 4 张定位工单。Theory done. First drag the altitude slider and watch temperature and views change; then take 4 locating jobs.
一句话记住它：大气是五层外衣，温度走折线（冷热冷热），每层住户不同：天气、飞机、流星、极光、卫星从低到高排排坐。Remember it in one line: the atmosphere is a five-layer coat, temperature zigzags (cold-warm-cold-hot), and each layer has its residents: weather, jets, meteors, auroras, satellites, floor by floor.
五层：对流层→平流层→中间层→热层→外逸层Five layers: troposphere → stratosphere → mesosphere → thermosphere → exosphere温度：降—升—降—升，中间层最冷、热层最热Temperature: down–up–down–up; mesosphere coldest, thermosphere hottest住户：飞机二层、臭氧二层、极光四层、卫星顶层Residents: jets and ozone in layer two, auroras in four, satellites at the top
内容参考 OpenStax 等公开教材，多来源核对 · AI 生成、人工审核 · 发现错误欢迎指正，帮这片叶子长得更好。Based on OpenStax and other open textbooks, cross-checked across sources · AI-generated, human-reviewed · Spotted a mistake? Tell us — help this leaf grow.
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