📊 数据可视化：一图胜千言📊 Data Visualization: One Chart, a Thousand Words

上一片里，💻 小电脑一句话查出借书数据。可一串数字谁爱看？这一片把它画成图，一眼看懂。 Last leaf, the 💻 little computer fetched the borrow data in one sentence. But who loves staring at bare numbers? This leaf draws them — understood at a glance.

第 1 步：同一数据，三种讲法Step 1: Same data, three stories

同一份借书数，换张图就换个故事，你想先听哪个？The same borrow counts tell a new story in each chart — which one first?

同一份数据：柱状比大小，折线看趋势，饼图看占比 — 比谁借得多用柱状（高的一眼看到），看涨跌用折线（上坡下坡），看各类书占比用饼图（谁的块大）。图是数据的翻译。 Bars compare who borrows most (tallest wins at a glance), lines track rises and falls (uphill, downhill), pies show each book type's share (biggest slice wins). A chart is data translated.

图都会画了，可有人用图骗人，你看得出来吗？Charts are easy to draw — but some charts lie. Can you spot one?

第 2 步：纵轴作弊的误导图Step 2: The cheated-axis chart

误导 vs 诚实：纵轴从 8 开始 vs 从 0 开始 — 9 本和 10 本只差 1 本，可纵轴从 8 切起，差距像鸿沟。记住图表诚实：纵轴从 0 开始，看图先看轴。 9 vs 10 books differ by just 1 — but an axis cut at 8 turns it into a canyon. Stay honest: start the axis at 0, and always check the axis first.

识破了假图，那真图多了，该住进哪里？Fake charts exposed — but where should a family of true charts live?

第 3 步：住进仪表盘Step 3: Move into a dashboard

借书仪表盘：本周 128 本，借书王小明 — 仪表盘是图的客厅：本周 128 本、趋势线、借书王小明住一起。馆长一眼看到全馆，马上能做决定。 A dashboard is the charts' living room: 128 books this week, the trend line, and top reader Ming side by side. The librarian sees everything at once — and decides fast.

🎮 你来当选图师（30 秒）🎮 Your turn: chart picker (30 seconds)

三张图分清了。去选图台帮小电脑配图：3 道配对加 1 道找误导图，全对才算出师。Three charts, three jobs. Head to the picker and match charts for the little computer: 3 pairings plus 1 misleading-chart hunt.

一句话记住它：数据可视化是把数字翻译成图；柱状比大小、折线看趋势、饼图看占比；纵轴从 0 开始才诚实。 Remember it in one line: visualization translates numbers into pictures — bars compare, lines trend, pies share; an honest axis starts at 0.

柱状比大小、折线看趋势、饼图看占比Bars compare sizes, lines show trends, pies show shares 误导图：纵轴不从 0 起，小差距变鸿沟Misleading charts: an axis skipping 0 turns gaps into canyons 仪表盘：多张真图住一起，一眼做决定Dashboards: true charts living together for at-a-glance decisions

内容参考 OpenStax 等公开教材，多来源核对 · AI 生成、人工审核 · 发现错误欢迎指正，帮这片叶子长得更好。 Based on OpenStax and other open textbooks, cross-checked across sources · AI-generated, human-reviewed · Spotted a mistake? Tell us — help this leaf grow.