上一篇里，💻 小电脑连上了无线网。连上之后，它打开的那些网页，到底住在哪里？Last leaf, 💻 Little Computer joined the wireless network. Once online, where do all the web pages it opens actually live?
第 1 步：互联网是路，万维网是车Step 1: The Internet is the road, the Web is the traffic
先回答上面的问题：网页不住在你家里，住在万维网这张"网"上，而网跑在互联网这条"路"上。To answer that: pages don't live in your home — they live on the net called the World Wide Web, which runs on the road called the Internet.
看，请求正穿过互联网这条路，去服务器取万维网的一张页。路是底座，车是应用：万维网就是跑在底座上的一种应用，由无数网页连成。有路没车不行，有车没路更不行。See the request travelling along the Internet road to fetch one page of the Web. The road is the base, the traffic is the app: the Web is one app running on that base — countless pages linked together. Roads without traffic are useless; traffic without roads goes nowhere.
那小电脑怎么点名要哪一张页？靠网址，也就是 URL。So how does Little Computer ask for one particular page? With its address — the URL.
第 2 步：网址是网页的门牌号Step 2: A URL is a page's street address
网址分三段：开头 https:// 是协议，约定快递方式。中间 knowtree.cc 是域名，网站的门牌号。后面 /weather/today 是路径，站内的房间号。三段齐了，才找得到门。A URL has three parts: the leading https:// is the protocol — the agreed delivery way. The middle knowtree.cc is the domain — the site's street address. The trailing /weather/today is the path — the room number inside. All three, and the door is found.
门牌号有了，跑腿的规矩是谁定的？蒂姆·伯纳斯-李。Address in hand — but who wrote the rules of the errand? Tim Berners-Lee.
第 3 步：浏览器跑腿，伯纳斯-李修路Step 3: The browser errands, Berners-Lee built the road
这套"发请求、回网页"的玩法，是他在 1991 年公开的。他没申请专利，还造了第一台服务器，摆上第一个网页。免费分享，网才长成今天的样子。This whole request-and-return game is his design, given away free in 1991. He built the first server too, and put the first web page on it. Shared for free — that's why the web grew into what it is.
🎮 你来当拆解员（30 秒）🎮 Your turn: taking apart (30 seconds)
道理讲完了。先拆 3 个网址挂名牌，再断一断万维网和互联网的关系。Theory done. Take 3 URLs apart and tag each piece — then settle the Web-vs-Internet question.
一句话记住它：互联网是路，万维网是跑在路上的网页之网；网址 = 协议 + 域名 + 路径，浏览器负责跑腿取页。Remember it in one line: the Internet is the road, the Web is the net of pages running on it; URL = protocol + domain + path, and the browser fetches the page.
万维网 ≠ 互联网：网是跑在路上的应用Web ≠ Internet: the Web is an app running on the road网址三段：协议（快递方式）/ 域名（门牌号）/ 路径（房间号）Three URL parts: protocol (delivery way) / domain (street address) / path (room number)浏览器发请求 → 服务器回网页 → 画出来；1991 年伯纳斯-李免费公开Browser requests → server returns the page → it gets painted; Berners-Lee gave it away free in 1991
内容参考 OpenStax 等公开教材，多来源核对 · AI 生成、人工审核 · 发现错误欢迎指正，帮这片叶子长得更好。Based on OpenStax and other open textbooks, cross-checked across sources · AI-generated, human-reviewed · Spotted a mistake? Tell us — help this leaf grow.
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